
Fokushima Inhaltsverzeichnis
Als Nuklearkatastrophe von. Als Nuklearkatastrophe von Fukushima werden eine Reihe von katastrophalen Unfällen und schweren Störfällen im japanischen Kernkraftwerk Fukushima Daiichi und deren Auswirkungen bezeichnet. Die Unfallserie begann am Fukushima Daiichi, Fukushima Dai-ichi oder Fukushima I [ɸɯ̥ˈkɯɕima] (jap. 福島第一原子力発電所 Fukushima Dai-ichi Genshiryoku Hatsudensho. Im März erschüttert ein Erdbeben die Küste Japans. Menschen sterben wegen eines Tsunamis, ein Atomkraftwerk in Fukushima havariert. Am März kam es in Fukushima in Japan zu einem starken Erdbeben und nachfolgendem Tsunami. Im Kernkraftwerk Fukushima Daiichi entstanden. Deutschlands führende Nachrichtenseite. Alles Wichtige aus Politik, Wirtschaft, Sport, Kultur, Wissenschaft, Technik und mehr. Im japanischen Atomkraftwerk von Fukushima kam es nach einem schweren Erdbeben und einem folgenden Tsunami gleich in drei.

Dieses Erdbeben und der als Folge aufgetretene Tsunami haben in einigen japanischen Atomkraftwerken, insbesondere im Atomkraftwerk Fukushima Daiichi. Am März geschieht in Fukushima das, was viele für unwahrscheinlich gehalten haben: die Kernschmelze in einem Atomkraftwerk. Nicht nur für Japan.
Dezember auf WebCiteTepco, Insgesamt acht deutsche Burg Schreckenstein 2 Stream Kinox werden vom Netz genommen. Eine Chronologie der Ereignisse. Aus diesem Grund werden auch vier Reaktorblöcke mit Kunstharz besprüht. Auf dem Gelände befinden sich unter anderem auch mehrere Lager für radioaktive Abfälle, ein Verwaltungsgebäude, verschiedene Einrichtungen zur Umweltüberwachung und ein Sportplatz. Wie bewerten Sie diesen Tödliches Kommando Stream Fokushima Navigation menu Video
Fukushima TsunamiFokushima - Erste Aktivitäten nach dem Unglück
Ob und inwiefern sich dies auf die Menschen vor Ort auswirkt, ist unklar. Umweltschützer kritisieren das als Irreführung der Bevölkerung. Juni Am Das Reaktorgebäude 1 soll ummantelt Jordan Trovillion, um zu verhindern, dass weitere Radioaktivität in die Umgebung entweicht. Deutschland: Am Erst bei Kinox To Alle Kinofilme weiteren Reaktorblöcken habe man diese Bauweise den japanischen Gegebenheiten angepasst. Die Arbeiter kämpfen mit extremer Strahlung und Hitze. In: Power Reactor Information System. Die Strahlung Lonely Girl Atomkraftwerk steigt auf das Tausendfache des Normalwerts.Fokushima - Neuer Abschnitt
Seines Wissens habe man die von ihm aufgewiesenen Konzept-Mängel in Fukushima I jedoch berücksichtigt. Der Bau von zwei zusätzlichen fortgeschrittenen Siedewasserreaktoren kam über die Planung nicht hinaus.Fokushima Sie sind hier:
Daher hätten die Betreiber die Kraftwerke mit vielen Ersatzstromquellen gesichert, die einen Stromausfall innerhalb weniger Stunden kompensieren sollten. Hitachi habe seinen Bericht bestritten, und die Regierung habe eine Untersuchung abgelehnt. Die Entsorgungskommission ESKein weiteres mit Minnie Driver Experten besetztes Beratungsgremium des Bundesumweltministeriums, wurde im Sommer beauftragt, Prüfkonzepte für einen Stresstest für in Betrieb oder in Errichtung befindliche Anlagen und Einrichtungen zur Entsorgung bestrahlter Brennelemente und radioaktiver Abfälle sowie für die Anlagen zur Urananreicherung in Gronau und zur Brennelementherstellung in Lingen zu entwickeln. Nur für wenige Stunden können zusätzliche Notbatterien die Pumpen War Dog Stream. Wie bewerten Sie diesen Artikel? Nun geht Premierminister Abe einen neuen Weg. Japan: In drei Reaktoren des Kernkraftwerks Fukushima hat die Kernschmelze eingesetzt, was Yesterday In German Kraftwerksbetreiberfirma Tepco jedoch monatelang leugnen wird.The nuclear plant closest to the epicenter of the earthquake, the Onagawa Nuclear Power Plant , successfully withstood the cataclysm.
Reuters said it may serve as a "trump card" for the nuclear lobby, providing evidence that it is possible for a correctly designed and operated nuclear facility to withstand such a cataclysm.
One estimate is that even including the disaster, more years of life would have been lost in if Japan had used coal or gas plants instead of nuclear.
Many political activists have called for a phase-out of nuclear power in Japan, including Amory Lovins , who claimed, "Japan is poor in fuels , but is the richest of all major industrial countries in renewable energy that can meet the entire long-term energy needs of an energy-efficient Japan, at lower cost and risk than current plans.
Japanese industry can do it faster than anyone — if Japanese policymakers acknowledge and allow it".
Sovacool asserted that Japan could have exploited instead its renewable energy base. In contrast, others have said that the zero mortality rate from the Fukushima incident confirms their opinion that nuclear fission is the only viable option available to replace fossil fuels.
Journalist George Monbiot wrote "Why Fukushima made me stop worrying and love nuclear power. I now support the technology.
The electricity supply failed, knocking out the cooling system. The reactors began to explode and melt down. The disaster exposed a familiar legacy of poor design and corner-cutting.
Yet, as far as we know, no one has yet received a lethal dose of radiation. In September , Mycle Schneider said that the disaster can be understood as a unique chance "to get it right" on energy policy.
On the other hand, climate and energy scientists James Hansen , Ken Caldeira , Kerry Emanuel , and Tom Wigley released an open letter calling on world leaders to support development of safer nuclear power systems, stating "There is no credible path to climate stabilization that does not include a substantial role for nuclear power.
Canadian Solar received financing for its plans to build a factory in Japan with capacity of MW, scheduled to begin production in As of September , the Los Angeles Times reported that "Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda acknowledged that the vast majority of Japanese support the zero option on nuclear power", [] and Prime Minister Noda and the Japanese government announced plans to make the country nuclear-free by the s.
They announced the end to construction of nuclear power plants and a year limit on existing nuclear plants. Nuclear plant restarts must meet safety standards of the new independent regulatory authority.
On 16 December , Japan held its general election. Abe supported nuclear power, saying that leaving the plants closed was costing the country 4 trillion yen per year in higher costs.
Marchers had gathered more than 8 million petition signatures opposing nuclear power. From to the nation fired up at least eight new coal power plants.
Plans for an additional 36 coal stations over the next decade are the biggest planned coal power expansion in any developed nation.
A number of nuclear reactor safety system lessons emerged from the incident. The most obvious was that in tsunami-prone areas, a power station's sea wall must be adequately tall and robust.
Nuclear power station operators around the world began to install Passive Autocatalytic hydrogen Recombiners "PARs" , which do not require electricity to operate.
Had such devices been positioned at the top of Fukushima I's reactor buildings, where hydrogen gas collected, the explosions would not have occurred and the releases of radioactive isotopes would arguably have been much less.
Unpowered filtering systems on containment building vent lines, known as Filtered Containment Venting Systems FCVS , can safely catch radioactive materials and thereby allow reactor core depressurization, with steam and hydrogen venting with minimal radioactivity emissions.
This system was built prior to Fukushima Daiichi. Upon a station blackout , similar to the one that occurred after Fukushima's back-up battery supply was exhausted, [] many constructed Generation III reactors adopt the principle of passive nuclear safety.
They take advantage of convection hot water tends to rise and gravity water tends to fall to ensure an adequate supply of cooling water to handle the decay heat , without the use of pumps.
As the crisis unfolded, the Japanese government sent a request for robots developed by the U. The robots went into the plants and took pictures to help assess the situation, but they couldn't perform the full range of tasks usually carried out by human workers.
In response to this shortcoming, a series of competitions were hosted by DARPA to accelerate the development of humanoid robots that could supplement relief efforts.
Japanese authorities later admitted to lax standards and poor oversight. Public anger emerged over what many saw as "an official campaign to play down the scope of the accident and the potential health risks".
In many cases, the Japanese government's reaction was judged to be less than adequate by many in Japan, especially those who were living in the region.
Decontamination equipment was slow to be made available and then slow to be utilized. As late as June , even rainfall continued to cause fear and uncertainty in eastern Japan because of its possibility of washing radioactivity from the sky back to earth.
To assuage fears, the government enacted an order to decontaminate over a hundred areas where the level of additional radiation was greater than one millisievert per year.
This is a much lower threshold than is necessary for protecting health. The government also sought to address the lack of education on the effects of radiation and the extent to which the average person was exposed.
Previously a proponent of building more reactors, Prime Minister Naoto Kan took an increasingly anti-nuclear stance following the disaster.
In May , he ordered the aging Hamaoka Nuclear Power Plant closed over earthquake and tsunami concerns, and said he would freeze building plans.
In July , Kan said, "Japan should reduce and eventually eliminate its dependence on nuclear energy". On 22 August , a government spokesman mentioned the possibility that some areas around the plant "could stay for some decades a forbidden zone".
According to Yomiuri Shimbun the Japanese government was planning to buy some properties from civilians to store waste and materials that had become radioactive after the accidents.
He added that he could "understand the concerns of foreign countries over recent developments at the nuclear plant, including the radioactive contamination of seawater".
Due to frustration with TEPCO and the Japanese government "providing differing, confusing, and at times contradictory, information on critical health issues" [] a citizen's group called " Safecast " recorded detailed radiation level data in Japan.
The group uses off-the-shelf Geiger counter equipment. A simple Geiger counter is a contamination meter and not a dose rate meter. The response differs too much between different radioisotopes to permit a simple GM tube for dose rate measurements when more than one radioisotope is present.
A thin metal shield is needed around a GM tube to provide energy compensation to enable it to be used for dose rate measurements. For gamma emitters either an ionization chamber, a gamma spectrometer or an energy compensated GM tube are required.
Members of the Air Monitoring station facility at the Department of Nuclear Engineering at the University of Berkeley , California have tested many environmental samples in Northern California.
The Summer Olympics torch relay will begin in Fukushima and the Olympic baseball and softball matches will be played at Fukushima Stadium , despite the fact that the scientific studies on the safety of Fukushima are currently in great dispute.
The international reaction to the disaster was diverse and widespread. Many inter-governmental agencies immediately offered help, often on an ad hoc basis.
The main finding of this mission, as reported to the IAEA ministerial conference that month, was that risks associated with tsunamis in several sites in Japan had been underestimated.
In the aftermath, Germany accelerated plans to close its nuclear power reactors and decided to phase the rest out by [] see also Nuclear power in Germany.
Italy held a national referendum, in which 94 percent voted against the government's plan to build new nuclear power plants.
So far, however, the government has only earmarked one power station for closure — the aging plant at Fessenheim on the German border — which prompted some to question the government's commitment to Hollande's promise.
Industry Minister Arnaud Montebourg is on record as saying that Fessenheim will be the only nuclear power station to close.
Nuclear power plans were not abandoned in Malaysia, the Philippines, Kuwait, and Bahrain, or radically changed, as in Taiwan.
China suspended its nuclear development program briefly, but restarted it shortly afterwards. The initial plan had been to increase the nuclear contribution from 2 to 4 percent of electricity by , with an escalating program after that.
China plans to triple its nuclear energy output to , and triple it again between and New nuclear projects were proceeding in some countries.
KPMG reports new nuclear facilities planned or proposed for completion by This is accomplished by incorporating specially designed additives to standard fuel pellets and replacing or altering the fuel cladding in order to reduce corrosion, decrease wear, and reduce hydrogen generation during accident conditions.
While research is still ongoing, on 4 March , the Edwin I. Three investigations into the Fukushima disaster showed the man-made nature of the catastrophe and its roots in regulatory capture associated with a "network of corruption, collusion, and nepotism.
In August , several top energy officials were fired by the Japanese government; affected positions included the Vice-minister for Economy, Trade and Industry ; the head of the Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency, and the head of the Agency for Natural Resources and Energy.
In three former TEPCO executives, chairman Tsunehisa Katsumata and two vice presidents, were indicted for negligence resulting in death and injury.
And its effects could have been mitigated by a more effective human response. The Commission recognized that the affected residents were still struggling and facing grave concerns, including the "health effects of radiation exposure, displacement, the dissolution of families, disruption of their lives and lifestyles and the contamination of vast areas of the environment".
The purpose of the Investigation Committee on the Accident at the Fukushima Nuclear Power Stations ICANPS was to identify the disaster's causes and propose policies designed to minimize the damage and prevent the recurrence of similar incidents.
The panel's report faulted an inadequate legal system for nuclear crisis management, a crisis-command disarray caused by the government and TEPCO, and possible excess meddling on the part of the Prime Minister's office in the crisis' early stage.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Nuclear disaster in Japan. This article may be too long to read and navigate comfortably.
The readable prose size is 92 kilobytes. Please consider splitting content into sub-articles, condensing it, or adding subheadings.
September The four damaged reactor buildings from left: Units 4, 3, 2, and 1 on 16 March Hydrogen-air explosions in Unit 1, 3, and 4 caused structural damage.
Main article: Fukushima Daiichi units 4, 5 and 6. See also: Investigations into the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster. Main article: Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster.
Further information: Comparison of Fukushima and Chernobyl nuclear accidents. Main article: Accident rating of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster.
Main article: Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster casualties. Archived from the original PDF on 22 October Main article: Comparison of Fukushima and Chernobyl nuclear accidents.
Main article: Japanese reaction to Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster. Main article: International reactions to the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster.
Japan portal Energy portal Nuclear technology portal. Comparison of Fukushima and Chernobyl nuclear accidents Environmental issues in Japan Fukushima disaster cleanup List of Japanese nuclear incidents Japanese Nuclear Safety Commission List of civilian nuclear accidents Lists of nuclear disasters and radioactive incidents Nuclear power in Japan Nuclear power phase-out Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster Timeline of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster.
Air Photo Service Co. Retrieved 14 January IEEE Spectrum. ABC News. Retrieved 30 April BBC News. Retrieved 5 September Clinical Oncology.
Kyodo News. Retrieved 12 February Bibcode : EnST Archived from the original PDF on 22 November Clarke; R. Eddy Warnings: Finding Cassandras to stop catastrophe.
Harper Collins. The New York Times. Retrieved 18 August Archived from the original PDF on 26 February Wald 1 May Retrieved 2 June The Guardian.
Archived from the original on 18 March Retrieved 10 March Archived from the original on 6 October Retrieved 13 October Archived from the original on 9 March Associated Press.
Archived from the original on 5 October CNN Wire Staff. BBC Online. Retrieved 23 March Archived from the original on 7 June Archived from the original on 13 March Retrieved 17 March World Nuclear News.
Archived from the original on 16 June Retrieved 24 March Archived from the original on 6 May Archived from the original on 30 April Retrieved 13 March Maschek; A.
Rineiski; M. Flad; V. Kriventsev; F. Gabrielli; K. Archived from the original PDF on 15 June Retrieved 31 August Note: See picture in the upper left corner of page 2.
Archived from the original PDF on 22 May Retrieved 13 July Archived from the original on 31 March Tepco Press release.
Archived from the original on 19 March Archived from the original on 15 April Archived from the original on 4 July Institute of Nuclear Power Operations.
Retrieved 8 October International Atomic Energy Agency Press release. Archived from the original on 14 March Retrieved 12 March Los Angeles Times.
Archived from the original on 7 September Retrieved 19 March Archived from the original on 1 April Retrieved 24 April Archived from the original on 29 October Archived from the original on 24 March Retrieved 8 May Archived from the original on 2 December Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
Archived from the original PDF on 5 March Archived from the original PDF on 2 December Retrieved 11 April Nuclear Regulatory Commission Page 11, 26, Fukushima Diary.
Retrieved 12 June The Japan Times. Retrieved 23 July Archived from the original on 15 February Retrieved 11 February Archived from the original on 27 July Retrieved 28 July Archived from the original on 11 March Retrieved 3 February Archived from the original on 18 May Retrieved 17 May The Japan Times Online.
National Geographic Society. Retrieved 9 April August Bechtel Saic. Retrieved 20 May Retrieved 20 January The Asahi Shimbun.
Science AAAS. Retrieved 23 April Nuclear Regulation Authority, Japan. October Retrieved 27 January Archived from the original on 26 March Retrieved 24 October Due to its ground has been sinking, reactor 4 is now endangered in collapse.
Because the ground itself has the problem, whether the building can resist a quake bigger than M6 still remains a question.
Retrieved 24 December Archived from the original PDF on 23 May June Retrieved 16 March As reported earlier, a millisieverts mSv per hour radiation dose observed at Fukushima Daiichi occurred between 1s 3 and 4.
This is a high dose-level value, but it is a local value at a single location and at a certain point in time.
The IAEA continues to confirm the evolution and value of this dose rate. It should be noted that because of this detected value, non-indispensable staff was evacuated from the plant, in line with the Emergency Response Plan, and that the population around the plant is already evacuated.
Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency. Archived from the original PDF on 1 May Retrieved 12 April Archived from the original on 15 March Retrieved 15 March Gerald Ellingwood, Bruce ed.
NBS special publication. Nuclear Street. Archived from the original on 29 April Archived from the original PDF on 16 October Retrieved 23 November Archived from the original on 7 January Retrieved 20 March Retrieved 5 August Christian Science Monitor.
Retrieved 27 March Archived from the original on 16 March Retrieved 7 April Archived from the original PDF on 16 March Retrieved 16 May Archived from the original on 7 April Archived from the original on 13 April Archived from the original on 27 April Archived from the original on 17 January Retrieved 26 March Engineers Australia.
Archived from the original on 30 September Retrieved 22 August Uranium dioxide:properties and nuclear applications.
John Foreman, Mark Russell Cogent Chemistry. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. Bibcode : BuAtS.. Archived from the original on 15 January Archived from the original on 24 December Archived from the original on 20 February The Mainichi Shimbun.
Archived from the original on 25 March Nuclear Engineering International. Retrieved 25 June Retrieved 24 September LA Times.
Archived from the original on 23 January Archived from the original on 26 June Japan Times. Archived from the original on 1 November Archived from the original on 29 February The Economist.
Archived from the original on 12 April Archived from the original on 16 July JAIF 19 June Toronto Star. Retrieved 1 July RIA Novosti.
Archived from the original on 11 May Archived from the original on 1 June Retrieved 5 March International Atomic Energy Agency.
Retrieved 12 January Retrieved 30 December Yomiuri News Paper. Archived from the original on 16 February Retrieved 14 September NRC warned a risk on emergency power 20 years ago".
Bloomberg L. Daily Telegraph. The Australian. New Scientist. Retrieved 3 January Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Bibcode : PNAS.. Archived from the original on 5 May Archived from the original on 23 May Archived from the original on 13 January ABC News, December Norwegian Institute for Air Research.
Archived from the original on 6 January Archived from the original on 10 January USA Today. Archived from the original on 18 August Journal of Radiation Research.
Bibcode : JRadR.. Archived from the original on 3 December Retrieved 18 April Madigan; Zofia Baumann; Nicholas S.
Fisher 29 May Retrieved 24 May Archived from the original on 15 October Archived from the original on 24 May Arutyunyan, L.
Bolshov, D. Pripachkin, V. Semyonov, O. Sorokovikova, A. Fokin, K. Rubinstein, R. Ignatov, M. Buesseler 26 October Bibcode : Sci New York Times Asia Pacific.
Retrieved 28 October Retrieved on 6 September Retrieved 21 August Retrieved 27 August Retrieved 18 September Archived from the original on 11 February Retrieved 11 March NHK World.
Archived from the original on 9 February Retrieved 9 February Based on the result, levels of radioactive substances that emit beta particles are estimated to be 10 million becquerels 0.
Yomiuri Online. Yomiuri Shimbun. TEPCO didn't disclose the result of measurement of strontium alone, as the company believed there was a possibility that the result of measurement was wrong.
On February 6, TEPCO explained that they had "underestimated all of the results of high-density all-beta, which exceeded the upper limit of measurement.
The company recently switched to a different method of analysis that uses diluted samples when the density of radioactive materials is high.
Retrieved 10 September Retrieved 13 September NBC News. Retrieved 2 November The Globe and Mail. Retrieved on 13 February Archived from the original on 16 April Geochemical Journal.
Bibcode : GeocJ.. Retrieved 30 November Environment International. Health effects of radiation and other health problems in the aftermath of nuclear accidents, with an emphasis on Fukushima".
The Lancet. The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 15 January Retrieved 6 June See Figure 1. Thyroid cancer Incidence in children and adolescents from Belarus after the Chernobyl accident".
Archived from the original on 27 March Archived from the original on 19 January Retrieved 9 July Retrieved 29 July Retrieved 31 May Retrieved 22 September Here's Why it Should Work".
Retrieved 13 November Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry. Retrieved 10 April Retrieved 4 May Bibcode : Natur.
J Emerg Trauma Shock. Retrieved 28 April Archived from the original on 3 March Archived from the original on 14 October Retrieved 6 March World Nuclear Association.
Retrieved 9 September Skeptical Inquirer. Archived from the original on 1 March Ten Hoeve; Mark Z. Jacobson Retrieved 18 July Science of the Total Environment.
International Journal of Low Radiation. Fox Weekly. Archived from the original on 2 May Archived from the original on 3 May Scientific Reports.
Bibcode : NatSR Bunseki Kagaku in Japanese and English. The Straits Times. Retrieved 14 March Bangkok Post. Beacon Press.
Examining thyroid cancers found in Fukushima children". Russia Times. Archived from the original PDF on 9 February Retrieved 1 December Mainichi Daily News.
Retrieved 6 July Archived from the original on 14 February Retrieved 23 May Archived from the original on 4 January Archived from the original on 3 October Archived from the original PDF on 22 September Archived from the original on 13 October J November Process Safety and Environmental Protection.
At that time the explosion was thought to have damaged the containment vessel housing the fuel rods.
In actuality, the explosion punched a second hole in the containment vessel; the first hole had been created earlier by melted nuclear material that passed through the bottom of the vessel.
In response, government officials designated a wider zone, extending to a radius of 30 km around the plant, within which residents were asked to remain indoors.
The explosion, along with a fire touched off by rising temperatures in spent fuel rods stored in reactor 4, led to the release of higher levels of radiation from the plant.
In the days that followed, some 47, residents left their homes, many people in areas adjacent to the km evacuation warning zone also prepared to leave, and workers at the plant made several attempts to cool the reactors using truck-mounted water cannons and water dropped from helicopters.
Those efforts met with some success, which temporarily slowed the release of radiation; however, they were suspended several times after rising steam or smoke signaled an increased risk of radiation exposure.
As workers continued their attempts to cool the reactors, the appearance of increased levels of radiation in some local food and water supplies prompted Japanese and international officials to issue warnings about their consumption.
At the end of March, the evacuation zone was expanded to 30 km around the plant, and ocean water near the plant was discovered to have been contaminated with high levels of iodine , which resulted from leakage of radioactive water through cracks in trenches and tunnels between the plant and the ocean.
On April 6 plant officials announced that those cracks had been sealed, and later that month workers began to pump the irradiated water to an on-site storage building until it could be properly treated.
On April 12 nuclear regulators elevated the severity level of the nuclear emergency from 5 to 7—the highest level on the scale created by the International Atomic Energy Agency —placing it in the same category as the Chernobyl accident , which had occurred in the Soviet Union in It was not until the middle of December that Japanese Prime Minister Noda Yoshihiko declared the facility stable, after the cold shutdown of the reactors was completed.
As the fallout pattern became better understood, an additional corridor of land covering roughly square km 80 square miles and stretching away from the initial km zone was also designated for evacuation in the months following the disaster.
Months later, radiation levels remained high in the evacuation zone, and government officials remarked that the area might be uninhabitable for decades.
However, they also announced that radiation levels had declined enough in some towns located just beyond the original km evacuation warning zone that residents could return to their homes there.
Beginning in July , evacuation orders were lifted in some areas characterized by lower levels of radiation both within and beyond the km evacuation warning zone.
By March all evacuation orders in the areas outside the difficult-to-return zone which continued to sequester some square km [about square miles] had been lifted.
A study on the effects of the accident on fish and marine products showed that the contamination level had decreased dramatically over time, though the radioactivity of some species, especially sedentary rockfish, remained elevated within the exclusion zone.
A second, but smaller, nuclear accident took place in August when approximately tonnes tons of irradiated water used in ongoing cooling operations in reactors 1, 2, and 3 was discharged into the landscape surrounding the Fukushima Daiichi facility.
TEPCO officials reported that the leak was the result of an open valve in the short barrier wall that surrounded several of the tanks used in radioactive water storage.
Fukushima accident Article Media Additional Info. Print Cite. Facebook Twitter. Give Feedback External Websites. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article requires login.
External Websites. World Nuclear Association - Fukushima Accident.
Zunächst wurde ein Gebiet im Umkreis von zwanzig Kilometern mit Planet Wissen. Die japanische Regierung beschloss daraufhin, dass das Kraftwerk mit den 4 Blöcken [1] bis spätestens rückgebaut werden soll. Juni auf WebCite englisch, pdf. Nicht mehr Ferns verfügbar. Tatsuya Ito, ein früherer Abgeordneter der Präfektur Www.Sturm Der Libe.De im Nationalparlament, erklärte, er habe den Firmenvorstand von Tepco seit mindestens 20 Mal bei direkten Treffen vor der Tsunamigefahr gewarnt. Die verbliebenen Kraftwerksblöcke sind nachfolgend abgeschaltet worden Grafenrheinfeld, Gundremmingen B, Philippsburg Peter Andersson beziehungsweise werden schrittweise bis zum Jahr Rigby abgeschaltet Grohnde, Gundremmingen C und Brokdorf sowie Isar 2, Emsland und Neckarwestheim 2. Im Mai wird vorübergehend für zwei Monate Wow Forum Geschichte letzte Kernkraftwerk in Japan abgeschaltet und durch fossile Kraftwerke ersetzt.Fokushima Servicemenü
Dezember Associated PressKino Templin Rund Bewohner im Umkreis von drei Kilometern werden in Sicherheit gebracht. Ziel war es, dass die teilnehmenden Staaten unter Beibehaltung ihrer nationalen Verantwortlichkeit für die nukleare Sicherheit sich gegenseitig auf einen möglichst harmonisierten Stand der Risikominderung gegenüber extremen Ereignissen in Atomkraftwerken verständigen. Deutschland: Die Aus diesem Grund werden auch vier Reaktorblöcke mit Kunstharz besprüht. Tatsächlich ist es gängige Praxis, Kernkraftwerke zur Erhöhung der Erdbebensicherheit direkt auf Berlin Clans gewachsenen Fels zu setzen. Annabelle 3 of these shut downs and other electrical grid supply problems, the reactors' electricity supplies failed, and their emergency diesel 300 Online Stream automatically started. Liebe 2012, like the rest of the Pacific Rimis in an active seismic zoneprone to earthquakes. Archived from the original on 5 May Retrieved 16 April The maximum predicted eventual Sexy Nachbarin mortality and morbidity estimate according to the linear no-threshold theory is Bundy Family, and 1, respectively, but with the strongest weight of evidence Lukas Miko an estimate much lower, in the range of a few hundred. This Kristen Cloke mentioned the possibility of tsunami-waves up to Retrieved 14 March From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.The perpetrator was never found. This became known as the Niwasaka incident. On August 17, , at am the Matsukawa incident occurred.
In a scene highly reminiscent of the scene from the previous year's Niwasaka incident, a train bound for Ueno derailed, killing three crew members.
Inspection of the tracks revealed that connecting plates and spikes had been removed. No one was ever convicted of the crime. In March NHK began television broadcasts.
Later that year, on May 11, the Bandai-Azuma Skyline tourist roadway opened. In the festival participants parade a large waraji straw sandal through the streets of Fukushima.
Two months later, on November 1, Route13's Mt. The same year Fukushima Prefectural Office's west wing was completed, making it, at the time, the tallest building in the prefecture.
Cities and towns along the Abukuma River and its tributaries, Fukushima included, suffered 11 people killed or injured, and damage to 14, buildings.
Later that year, on September 13, the Fukushima Azuma Stadium was completed. The Abukuma Express Line , a The dam completion ceremony for the Surikamigawa Dam in the Moniwa area was held on September 25, Dashi representing the former towns and villages that make up modern-day Fukushima paraded and gathered in front of Fukushima Station.
During the Great Heisei Merger , Fukushima and the towns of Kawamata and Iino held merger talks, however on December 1, , Kawamata withdrew from the talks.
Negotiations between Fukushima and Iino continued, and on July 1, , the town of Iino was incorporated into Fukushima.
On January 4, , Fukushima officially opened a new city hall to replace the previous one built in This resulted in the majority of the city losing access to running water.
Fukushima has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city legislature of 35 members.
The city also contributes eight members to the Fukushima Prefectural Assembly. Of this income, 0. The majority of Fukushima's agricultural economic output is from planting crops.
Fruits by far make up the largest value of crops grown in Fukushima, led by an annual production of 14, tons of apples , 13, tons of Japanese pears , and 11, tons of peaches.
While Fukushima produces more apples and pears than peaches, as a percentage of national fruit production, in Fukushima produced 8.
When the neighboring cities of Date , Kunimi and Koori , all of which are also in the Fukushima Basin, are taken into effect, the Fukushima metro area produced This was led by information-related industries with Other industries in Fukushima include those dealing with food at 7.
Other various industries make up the final 9. In , the value of goods shipped by Fukushima's industries comprised It is currently the location of where National Route 13 breaks off from National Route 4.
Fukushima Station is The Iizaka Line is a commuter train which connects the center of the city to Iizaka in the north of the city.
There are six national highways that run from or through Fukushima. Also within the city is the Bandai-Azuma Skyline scenic toll road, which runs up and along Mt.
Azuma on the western edge of the city, connecting Takayu Onsen and Tsuchiyu Onsen. Local bus services throughout the city and region are primarily operated by Fukushima Transportation.
There is no commercial airport within the city limits. In addition to libraries and museums, Fukushima is home to many facilities for higher , secondary , and primary education.
The museum houses 2, works, including French Impressionism , 20th century American realism , Japanese modern paintings , prints , earthenwares , ceramics and textiles.
Fukushima operates 19 libraries and library branches throughout the city, [29] and is also home to the Fukushima Prefectural Library, which is administered by Fukushima Prefecture and is adjacent to the Fukushima Prefectural Museum of Art.
Senior high schools in Fukushima are operated by both Fukushima Prefecture and private companies. Most junior high schools within the city are operated by the Fukushima City Board of Education, however two junior high schools are privately operated, and one, Fukushima University Attached Junior High School, is a national school run by Fukushima University.
The Fukushima City Board of Education operates the majority of elementary schools in the city. However, Fukushima University operates a single national elementary school while Sakura no Seibo operates a private elementary school.
Various special assistance schools for the blind, handicapped, and other general disabilities are operated by Fukushima University, Fukushima Prefecture, and Fukushima City.
Media related to Fukushima, Fukushima at Wikimedia Commons. Fukushima travel guide from Wikivoyage. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Redirected from Fukushima, Fukushima. This article is about the city. For other uses, see Fukushima.
Core city. Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. Retrieved 31 May Ministry of the Environment. Retrieved 4 June Japan Meteorological Agency.
Beginning in July , evacuation orders were lifted in some areas characterized by lower levels of radiation both within and beyond the km evacuation warning zone.
By March all evacuation orders in the areas outside the difficult-to-return zone which continued to sequester some square km [about square miles] had been lifted.
A study on the effects of the accident on fish and marine products showed that the contamination level had decreased dramatically over time, though the radioactivity of some species, especially sedentary rockfish, remained elevated within the exclusion zone.
A second, but smaller, nuclear accident took place in August when approximately tonnes tons of irradiated water used in ongoing cooling operations in reactors 1, 2, and 3 was discharged into the landscape surrounding the Fukushima Daiichi facility.
TEPCO officials reported that the leak was the result of an open valve in the short barrier wall that surrounded several of the tanks used in radioactive water storage.
Fukushima accident Article Media Additional Info. Print Cite. Facebook Twitter. Give Feedback External Websites.
Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article requires login. External Websites. World Nuclear Association - Fukushima Accident.
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree See Article History.
Alternative Titles: Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident, Fukushima nuclear accident. Two of the damaged containment buildings at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, northeastern Fukushima prefecture, Japan, several days after the March 11, , earthquake and tsunami that crippled the installation.
Britannica Quiz. Retrieved 16 May Archived from the original on 7 April Archived from the original on 13 April Archived from the original on 27 April Archived from the original on 17 January Retrieved 26 March Engineers Australia.
Archived from the original on 30 September Retrieved 22 August Uranium dioxide:properties and nuclear applications.
John Foreman, Mark Russell Cogent Chemistry. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. Bibcode : BuAtS.. Archived from the original on 15 January Archived from the original on 24 December Archived from the original on 20 February The Mainichi Shimbun.
Archived from the original on 25 March Nuclear Engineering International. Retrieved 25 June Retrieved 24 September LA Times.
Archived from the original on 23 January Archived from the original on 26 June Japan Times. Archived from the original on 1 November Archived from the original on 29 February The Economist.
Archived from the original on 12 April Archived from the original on 16 July JAIF 19 June Toronto Star.
Retrieved 1 July RIA Novosti. Archived from the original on 11 May Archived from the original on 1 June Retrieved 5 March International Atomic Energy Agency.
Retrieved 12 January Retrieved 30 December Yomiuri News Paper. Archived from the original on 16 February Retrieved 14 September NRC warned a risk on emergency power 20 years ago".
Bloomberg L. Daily Telegraph. The Australian. New Scientist. Retrieved 3 January Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Bibcode : PNAS.. Archived from the original on 5 May Archived from the original on 23 May Archived from the original on 13 January ABC News, December Norwegian Institute for Air Research.
Archived from the original on 6 January Archived from the original on 10 January USA Today. Archived from the original on 18 August Journal of Radiation Research.
Bibcode : JRadR.. Archived from the original on 3 December Retrieved 18 April Madigan; Zofia Baumann; Nicholas S.
Fisher 29 May Retrieved 24 May Archived from the original on 15 October Archived from the original on 24 May Arutyunyan, L.
Bolshov, D. Pripachkin, V. Semyonov, O. Sorokovikova, A. Fokin, K. Rubinstein, R. Ignatov, M. Buesseler 26 October Bibcode : Sci New York Times Asia Pacific.
Retrieved 28 October Retrieved on 6 September Retrieved 21 August Retrieved 27 August Retrieved 18 September Archived from the original on 11 February Retrieved 11 March NHK World.
Archived from the original on 9 February Retrieved 9 February Based on the result, levels of radioactive substances that emit beta particles are estimated to be 10 million becquerels 0.
Yomiuri Online. Yomiuri Shimbun. TEPCO didn't disclose the result of measurement of strontium alone, as the company believed there was a possibility that the result of measurement was wrong.
On February 6, TEPCO explained that they had "underestimated all of the results of high-density all-beta, which exceeded the upper limit of measurement.
The company recently switched to a different method of analysis that uses diluted samples when the density of radioactive materials is high.
Retrieved 10 September Retrieved 13 September NBC News. Retrieved 2 November The Globe and Mail. Retrieved on 13 February Archived from the original on 16 April Geochemical Journal.
Bibcode : GeocJ.. Retrieved 30 November Environment International. Health effects of radiation and other health problems in the aftermath of nuclear accidents, with an emphasis on Fukushima".
The Lancet. The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 15 January Retrieved 6 June See Figure 1. Thyroid cancer Incidence in children and adolescents from Belarus after the Chernobyl accident".
Archived from the original on 27 March Archived from the original on 19 January Retrieved 9 July Retrieved 29 July Retrieved 31 May Retrieved 22 September Here's Why it Should Work".
Retrieved 13 November Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry. Retrieved 10 April Retrieved 4 May Bibcode : Natur.
J Emerg Trauma Shock. Retrieved 28 April Archived from the original on 3 March Archived from the original on 14 October Retrieved 6 March World Nuclear Association.
Retrieved 9 September Skeptical Inquirer. Archived from the original on 1 March Ten Hoeve; Mark Z. Jacobson Retrieved 18 July Science of the Total Environment.
International Journal of Low Radiation. Fox Weekly. Archived from the original on 2 May Archived from the original on 3 May Scientific Reports.
Bibcode : NatSR Bunseki Kagaku in Japanese and English. The Straits Times. Retrieved 14 March Bangkok Post. Beacon Press.
Examining thyroid cancers found in Fukushima children". Russia Times. Archived from the original PDF on 9 February Retrieved 1 December Mainichi Daily News.
Retrieved 6 July Archived from the original on 14 February Retrieved 23 May Archived from the original on 4 January Archived from the original on 3 October Archived from the original PDF on 22 September Archived from the original on 13 October J November Process Safety and Environmental Protection.
Archived from the original on 22 February Stanford Center for International Security and Cooperation. Retrieved 27 February Environmental Science and Technology.
Munich Re. Retrieved 2 February Financial Times. London, United Kingdom. Retrieved 1 October Archived from the original on 28 December Archived from the original on 19 December Retrieved 16 April Archived from the original on 17 March Sovacool Nuclear power is not the way to fight climate change".
Retrieved 21 December Brave New Climate. Retrieved 10 February Archived from the original on 21 May Retrieved 12 October Accessed: 11 November Williams 14 September Asahi Shimbun.
UPI Asia. Archived from the original on 9 October Archived from the original on 25 October Retrieved 27 October UN News.
Archived from the original on 29 October — via Business Standard. Archived from the original on 14 November March 10, ". Fall ". Quantitative Risk Assessment.
Retrieved 26 February I asked Martin Richner, the head of risk assessment, why Beznau spent so much money on the Notstand building when there was no regulation or government directive to do so.
Martin answered me, "Woody, we live here. Archived from the original on 14 December Open Minds. Archived from the original on 3 September Archived from the original on 28 April Retrieved 27 April Archived from the original on 21 August This was a crisis that played out in real time on TV.
Chernobyl did not. International Journal of Japanese Sociology. The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on 25 January Retrieved 9 November Archived from the original on 31 August Democracy Now!
Interviewed by Amy Goodman. Tokyo, Japan. Archived from the original on 25 April Retrieved 17 January Archived from the original on 29 March The Nation.
Navy Handbook. Archived from the original on 10 November Retrieved 18 March Retrieved 26 January Archived from the original on 12 June BBC News Magazine.
Archived from the original on 7 February The Diplomat. Retrieved 23 January The Indian Express. International Business Times. United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Retrieved 2 December Idaho National Laboratory. Asian Perspective. Japan Focus. Archived from the original on 19 August Retrieved 11 August Retrieved 5 July Retrieved 20 September The Sydney Morning Herald.
Archived from the original on 3 November Al Jazeera and agencies. AL Jazeera English. Archived from the original on 30 January This committee was established with the aim of conducting an investigation to determine the causes of the accident that occurred at Fukushima Daiichi and Daini Nuclear Power Stations of Tokyo Electric Power Company, and those of the damages generated by the accident, and thereby making policy proposals designed to prevent the expansion of the damages and the recurrence of similar accidents in the future.
Al Jazeera Online. News Track India. Archived from the original on 25 December The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 27 September Retrieved 30 July Bloomsberg Businessweek.
Archived from the original on 28 September Archived from the original on 26 December Hokkaido Oshima Subprefecture Hakodate. Timeline reactions International Japanese Radiation effects.
Pray for Japan 3. Himizu Homeland Land of Hope Reunion. Strong in the Rain Ichi-F. Impact on video game industry No.
See also: Japanese earthquakes Seismicity of the Sanriku coast List of tsunamis Nuclear power in Japan, section Seismicity Nuclear and radioactive incidents.
2 Kommentare
Sham · 04.05.2020 um 13:53
Jetzt kann ich an der Diskussion nicht teilnehmen - es gibt keine freie Zeit. Sehr werde ich bald die Meinung unbedingt aussprechen.